Gin-saw-filing machine



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 1. Ji M. BEAVERS. `GIN SAW FILINGA MACHINE. Y No. 592,045.

Patented Oct. 19,1897. KM; 1M

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(No Model.)

' J. M. BEAVERS.

GIN SAW FILING MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 19

1 W m n s z/ A QIWIU PATENT @turca JOHN M. BEAVERS, OFdWACO, TEXAS.

GIN-sAw-FILING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. y592,O4=5dated October 19, 1897.

Application inea August 1s, 1396. vserit11t .6o3,1s1. (No model.)

To all whom/,it may concern: A

Be it known that I, JOHN M. BEAVERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Waco, in the county of McLennan and State of Texas, have invented anew and useful Gin-Saw-Filing Machine, of which the following'is a speciication.

My invention relates Yto gin-saw-filing machines, and has for its obj ect to provide a simple and efcient apparatus whereby the teeth of the gin-saw may be uniformly and quickly filed, the parts of the mechanism being adj ustable to secure the desired bevel of the teeth and suit saws having their teeth arranged at different intervals.

v Further objects and Vadvantages of this invention will appear in' the following descrip-- tion, and the novelfeatures thereof will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective View of a saw-filing machine constructed in` accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail View in perspective of the file-carrier and attached parts. Fig. 4 is a detail View of the guide and slide detached.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

The frame 1 of the machine is constructed to support the driven shaft 2, which is provided with operating devices, such as a crank 3, and is connected, by means of a gear 4 and an intermeshing pinion 5, with a crank or driving-shaft 6. Projecting forwardly from the frame are supporting-arms 7, the front portions of which are arranged in parallel planes and are adapted to rest upon spacingblocks between contiguous gin-saws, and respectively upon-opposite sides of the saw to be filed. Arranged between said arms is a swinging or adjustable guide consisting of side bars 8 and terminal yokes 9, the rear end of the guide being attached to a transverse rock-'shaft 10, which is terminally ymounted in the supporting-arms 7, and the front end of said guide being supported by`a ustirrup 11, also connecting the supporting-arms and serving to brace the same laterally.

Mounted in the guide above described is a slide 12, which is capable of direct reciprocatory movement in a plane coincidental with that of the guide, and pivotally mounted upon said slide, by means of a fulcrum pin or screw 13, is a file-carrier 14. Mounted upon this file-carrier are the file-supporting arms 15 and '16, the former consisting of a spring arm bolted or-.otherwise attached to one side of the carrier and projecting in front thereof with an attached file 17, and the latter being pivotally mounted upon the carrier by means of an upstanding pin 18 and also supporting a file'lQ. This pivotal arm is held in operative relation with the saw which is being filed by means ofuan actuating-spring 20, which extends around the fulcrum-p'in 18 and bears atone end against the looped rear extremity of the arm, while its other end bears against a tension device consisting of a slide 21, slotted, 'as at 22, and engaged by a set-screw 23.

The pivotal file-supporting arm is arranged above the plane of the spring-arm and is designed topoperate upon the saw at an interval of three teeth from the latter, whereby a uniform dressing of the teeth may be secured, and the under side or lower edge of the pivotal arm is inclined downwardly toward its front end, Vas shown at 24, contiguous to a pivotal adj usting-arm 25, which is mounted upon the carrier 14 and is designed to be swung forwardly or rearwardly at its free end to .vary the vertical position of the file carried by said arm. The object of this adjustment is to adapt the machine to varying intervals between the teeth of differentsaws, and the arm consisting of a cross-sectionally flat bar in rear of the beveled portion 24 it is obvious that' it will yield vertically and will be held by its resilience in contact with the adjustingarm in all positions of the latter. Thus the file-carrying arms are arranged in different transverse or horizontal planes and in intersecting vertical planes, and in practice IA prefer to construct the arm 16 of la fiat strip having its rear portion in a horizontal and its front portionin a vertical plane, said vhorizontal and vertical portions beingl'connected by an intermediate twist, which thusprovides the inclined or beveled surface for coperation, as above described, with the adjustingarm 25. In other words, the twisting of the strip forming the arms causes one edge thereof to incline downwardly toward the front or IOO outer extremity of the arm, thus providing means for varying the interval between the transverse planes of the carriers.

The carrier is connected by means of a pitman 26 with the crank of the crank-shaft G, the latter being fitted with a balance-wheel 27 to insure uniform movement of the parts. The front end of the pitman extends through an opening 2S in a plate-spring 29, which is secured to the upper side of the carrier and is perforated at its front end to receive the fulcrum pin or screw 13, said serewalso passing through a corresponding perforation in the pitman. The front end of the pitman is downwardly convexed to form a rocker to `bear upon the upper side of the carrier, whereby an angular adjustment of the guide upon which the slide 12 is mounted provides for the change of direction of movement of the carrier without affecting the operativeness of the pitman, the perforation in the front extremity of the latter bein g slightly larger than the fulcrum-serew to allow sufficient play to prevent cralnping. The plate-spring 29 prevents the fulcrum-serew from becoming detached or loosened by jarring.

rlhe front ends of the file-supporting arms are turned inwardly or toward the saw to form trip-fingers 30, which are adapted to bear against opposite sides of a saw when the {ilecarrier is approaching the limit of its rearward stroke, in order to momentarily disen gage the Iiles from the saw-teeth, and said inturned extremities of the supporting-arms are perforated, as shown at 3l, to receive the points 32 of the files, the rear extremities or shanks of the files being secured to the supportingarms by means of clamps 33, or their equivalents.

From the above description it will be seen that the resilient or yielding file-supporting arms hold the files yieldingly in contact with the saw and operate at such intervals as to insure a uniform position of both tiles with relation to the several teeth, and in order to vary the bevel of the teeth it is only necessary to adjust the front end of the guide by means of a screw 3-1, which is mounted in the stirrup in which said guide rests. To vary the relative positions of the file-supporting arms to suit the intervals between the teeth of the saw, I have provided the adj usting-arm 25 in contact with the pivotal supporting-arm, the latter being of spring metal whereby it is adapted to yield vertically and is held by its resilience in contact with the adjusting-arm. It will be understood that the pivoting ofthe file-carrier at an intermediate point provides for the lateral swinging or yielding thereof to insure the uniform dressing of opposite sides of a tooth.

In order to secure the desired pressure of the arms 7 upon the spacing-blocks between the saws, and insure uniformity of such pressure, I preferably employ a weight 35, or its equivalent.

In order to hold the saw from accidental rotation duringthe ling of a tooth, I employ no positive lock, such as a stop pawl or dog, but depend upon the frietional contact of the supporting-arms 7 upon the gin-shaft, or upon the spacing-blocks, as above described, which are arranged between contiguous saws. These supporting-arms thus form brakes, and the frictional contact thereof is varied to produce the desired tension by means of the abovedescribed weight 35.

As in other machines of this class, the files accomplish the major portion of their operation during the forward stroke, during which the crossed supporting-arms are gradually spread or swung laterally in opposite directions until the limit of the forward stroke is reached. The pivotal mounting of the filecarrier, which allows transverse or horizont-al swinging movement thereof, provides for equalizing the pressure of the files upon opposite sides of a tooth, and inasmuch as the frictional contact of the opposite files varies with the extent of contact of the files with the saw, and as the extent of contact, or the surface of a tooth which is in contact with a file, varies as the tooth is filed (by reason of the file cutting away the material of the tooth in order to produce upon the latter a surface parallel with itself) it is obvious that the frictional contact of the files with a sawtooth increases at each successive stroke of the files. In other words, during the first stroke of the files upon a tooth the force (tending to turn the saw against the opposing friction caused by the brake-arm 7) due to frictional contact of the les with the tooth, and the pressure of the files due to the tension of the spring 20 may be, for instance, three pounds, owing to the fact that but a small area of the tooth is in contact with each tile; but during the second forward stroke of the files the area of the tooth exposed to contact by the files has been increased by the cutting away of a portion of the tooth, and I have estimated that the force exerted upon the tooth (tending to advance the saw against the resistance offered by the brake-arms 7) will be approximately nine pounds, or the square of the force exerted during the first stroke. Now if the weight, which is employed to act as a brake, by causing downward pressure of the arms 7 upon the gin-shaft or spacin gblocks, is twenty pounds, it will be found that even at the end of the second stroke'the force exerted by the files will be insufficient to overcome the pressure of the brake-arms and advance the saw. IIenee the files will again return to their initial position preparatory to a third stroke. During this third stroke the force exerted by the files upon opposite sides of the tooth will be still greater than during the second stroke, due to the reason above explained, and I have estimated, in view of experiments, that the force exerted during a third stroke is the cube of the pressure exerted during the first stroke, which, in this case, would amount to twenty-seven IOO IIO

Ilo

592,045 v l s pounds, and hence would be sufficient to overcome the resistance of the brake-arms and advance the saw. 4Inasmuch as the frictional contact of the files with the teeth is less during the backward than during the forward stroke, whereas the resistance offered by the brake-arms is constant, it will be seen that the les will return to their initial position without affecting the saw. As the iiles approach the limit of their backward stroke the extremities of the trip-fingers come in contact with opposite surfacesof the saw and thus remove the iiles from contact with the teeth. The forward feeding movement of the saw, as upon the third stroke of the files above described, necessarily elevates the front ends of the supporting-arms, and hence tilts the guide upon the transverse rock-shaft l0 as a center7 but when the files are drawn back and the extremities of the trip-fingers come in contact with the side surfaces of the saw the frictional contact of said trip-fingers is insufficient to hold the file-supporting arms in this elevated position in opposition to the gravit-y of the guide, slide, and supporting-arms, and hence said parts drop to their normal position, limited bythe contact of the guide'with the extremity of the adj usting-screw 34, and the files start forward in contact with the next tooth, or rather the teeth respectively succeeding those upon which the files had previously been operating. vThus the advance or forward feeding movement of the saw is due to the frictional contact of the files with the opposite sides of the saw-teeth, the force exerted by reason of such frictional contact varying as the filing of the teeth progresses, whereby in case one tooth requires a greater amount of ling than another in order to produce the same beveled surface for contact with and in the planes of the files, a greater number of strokes will be applied to that tooth. The saw will not be advanced till the tooth which is being operated upon has been filed to produce a bevel having acertain area, Y

that area being sufficient to produce a frictional contact equal to or greater than the resistance offered bythe friction-brake which is employed to hold the saws normally in a state of rest. Thereforethe resistance offered to the forward movement of the saws is constant, as also is the tension of the prestension or the pressure thereof upon the saw should be light, while `the weight which operates the brake-arms should be proportionately heavy, whereas when the files are dull the tension thereof or the pressure thereof toward the saw should be increased,while the weight Y ally-yieldin g nie-supporting arms, capable of swinging movement in the plane of the saw in contact with which the files are arranged, and constantly-acting means for yieldingly holding the saw normally at rest, the saw be-` ing adapted to be advanced by the force eX- erted by reason of the frictional contact of the files with the teeth, against the resistance offered to the forward movement of the saw, when the filed surfaces of the teeth `have reached a predetermined area, substantially as specified.

2. A gin-saw-iiling machine having'a-.reciprocatory file-carrier provided with laterally-yielding file-supporting arms, adapted for swinging movement in the plane of the saw in contact with which the files are arranged, brake-arms and constantly-acting means for maintaining said arms in frictional contact with the gin-shaft, the saw being adapted to be advanced, in opposition to the resistance offered by the brake-arms, by the frictional contact of the files with the beveled surfaces of the saw-teeth, said frictional contact of the les being insufficient to advance the saw until the teeth have been filed sufficiently to produce beveled surfaces having predetermined areas, substantially as specied.

3. A gin-saw-iling machine havin ga guide mounted to swing in a plane parallel with a saw, means for limiting the return movement of the guide, a file-carrier mounted upon the guide for reciprocatory movement and carrying laterally-yielding file-supporting arms, brake-arms, and constantly-acting adjustable means for maintaining the brake-arms in contact with the gin-shaft to yieldingly hold a saw against forward feeding movement, saidconstantly-acting means being adjustable to vary the tension of the pressure of said brake-arms to correspond with the lateral tension of the file-supporting arms, substantially as specified.

et. A gin-saw-iiling machine having a guide mounted for swinging movement in the plane of a saw and yieldingly held in its normal position, a transversely-swinging file-carrier mounted for reciprocation upon said guide, spring-actuated file-carrying arms on the carrier, means for adjusting the tension of the actuating-spring of one of the arms, and constantly-acting means for yieldingly holding a saw in a position of rest, substantially as specified.

ICO

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5. A gin-saw-filing machine having a reciprocable carrier, spring-actuated file-carry ing arms supported by the carrier and adapted to bear in opposite directions against the teeth of a saw, means for varying the tension of the pressure of said hie-carrying arms toward the saw, and constantly-acting variable means for yieldingly holding a saw in a position of rest, the saw being adapted to be advanced against the resistance offered by said constantly-acting means by the frictional contactot the files with the saw-teeth, substantially as specified.

G. A ginsawling machine having a reciprocatory file-carrier, a laterally-yielding spring-metal file-supporting arm attached to the carrier to operate upon one side of the teeth of a saw, a second file-supporting arm pivotally mounted upon the carrier and provided with an actuating-spring, an adjustable tension device for varying the tension of the actuating-spring, and means for operating the carrier, substantially as specified.

7. A gin-saw-filing machine having a re- 'ciprocatory carrier,laterally-yielding tile-supporting arms mounted upon the carrier to operate in different transverse planes, one of said arms being vertically yielding and provided with a beveled under surface, an adj listing-arm pivotally mounted upon the carrier in operative relation with said beveled surface, whereby the interval between the planes of the files maybe varied bybringing the arm in contact with the beveled surface at different points, and operating devices for the carrier, substantially as specified.

S. A gin-saw-iling machine having a slide mounted in a suitable guide, a file-carrier pivotally mounted for lateral swinging movement upon said slide and provided with horizontally-swinging file-supporting arms disposed in intersecting vertical planes, and adapted to be arranged at their front ends upon opposite sides of the plane of a saw, whereby said arms are adapted to yield laterally by the movement of said carrier, and means for communicating reeiprocatory movement to the carrier, substantially as specified.

9. A gin-saw-filing machine having an angularly-adjustable guide arranged to swing in a vertical plane, means for varying the inclination of said guide, a slide mounted in the guide, a file-carrier mounted upon the slide and provided with file-supporting arms, and means for communicating reciprocatory movement to the carrier, substantially as specified.

10. A ginsawfiling machine having forwardly-extending supporting-arms adapted to be arranged upon opposite sides of a saw to rest upon contiguous spacing-blocks, a guide provided at its rear end with a rockshaft terminally mounted in said arms, a stirrup connecting said arms in front of the rockshaft to support the front end of the guide, adjustable means for limiting the downward movement of the guide, a slide mounted in the guide, a file-carrier mounted upon the slide and provided with file-supporting arms, and means for communicating reeiprocatory movement to the carrier, substantially as specified.

l1. A gin-sawfiling machine having a slide mounted in a suitable guide, a file-carrier fulcrumed for lateral swinging movement upon said slide, laterally-yielding hie-supporting arms on the carrier, a crank-shaft and means for com municatng rotary motion thereto, and a pitm an connecting the crank-shaft with the carrier and attached to the carrier coaxially with its fulcrum, substantially as specified.

l2. A gin-saw-filing machine having a slide mounted in a suitable guide, a file-carrier fulcrumed for lateral swinging movement upon said slide, laterally-yielding file-supporting arms on the carrier, a crank-shaft and means for communicating rotary motion thereto, a pitman connecting the crank-shaft with the carrier and arranged at its front end coaxially with the same, the carrier being provided with a fulcrum-screw extending through the front end of the pitman, and a plate-spring attached to the carrier and bearing upwardly against the head of said screw, said spring being provided with an opening through which the front end of the pitman extends, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed mysignature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN M. BEAVERS.

XVitnesses:

Trios. F. TURNER, JAS. A. GRAHAM. 

